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Influence of vagal control on sex-related differences in left ventricular mechanics and hemodynamics

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Author
Williams, Alexandra
Shave, Rob
Coulson, J.M.
White, Harriet
Rosser-Stanford, Bryn
Eves, Neil
Date
2018-08-31
Acceptance date
2018-05-25
Type
Article
Publisher
American Physiological Society
ISSN
1522-1539
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) twist mechanics differ between men and women during acute physiological stress, which may be partly mediated by sex differences in autonomic control. While men appear to have greater adrenergic control of LV twist, the potential contribution of vagal modulation to sex differences in LV twist remains unknown. Therefore, the present study examined the role of vagal control on sex differences in LV twist during graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and supine cycling. On two separate visits, LV mechanics were assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in 18 men (22 ± 2 yr) and 17 women (21 ± 4 yr) during −40- and −60-mmHg LBNP and 25% and 50% of peak supine cycling workload with and without glycopyrrolate (vagal blockade). LV twist was not different at baseline but was greater in women during −60 mmHg in both control (women: 16.0 ± 3.4° and men: 12.9 ± 2.3°, P = 0.004) and glycopyrrolate trials (women: 17.7 ± 5.9° and men: 13.9 ± 3.3°, P < 0.001) due to greater apical rotation during control (women: 11.9 ± 3.6° and men: 7.8 ± 1.5°, P < 0.001) and glycopyrrolate (women: 11.6 ± 4.9° and men: 7.1 ± 3.6°, P = 0.009). These sex differences in LV twist consistently coincided with a greater LV sphericity index (i.e., ellipsoid geometry) in women compared with men. In contrast, LV twist did not differ between the sexes during exercise with or without glycopyrrolate. In conclusion, women have augmented LV twist compared with men during large reductions to preload, even during vagal blockade. As such, differences in vagal control do not appear to contribute to sex differences in the LV twist responses to physiological stress, but they may be related to differences in ventricular geometry.
Journal/conference proceeding
American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology;
Citation
Williams, A.M., Shave, R.E., Coulson, J.M., White, H., Rosser-Stanford, B. and Eves, N.D. (2018) 'Influence of vagal control on sex-related differences in left ventricular mechanics and hemodynamics', American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 315(3), pp.H687-H698. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00733.2017.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/10441
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00733.2017
Description
Article published in American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology on 31 August 2018, available at: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00733.2017.
Rights
http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
Sponsorship
Cardiff Metropolitan University (Grant ID: Cardiff Metropolian (Internal))
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  • Sport Research Groups [1083]

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