• English
    • Welsh
  • English 
    • English
    • Welsh
  • Login
Search DSpace:
  • Home
  • Research at Cardiff Met
  • Library Services
  • Contact Us
View item 
  • DSpace home
  • Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences
  • Sport Research Groups
  • View item
  • DSpace home
  • Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences
  • Sport Research Groups
  • View item
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

Short-term adaptation and chronic cardiac remodelling to high altitude in lowlander natives and Himalayan Sherpa

Thumbnail
Author
Stembridge, Mike
Ainslie, Philip
Shave, Rob
Date
2014-10-18
Acceptance date
2014-10-13
Type
Article
Publisher
Wiley
ISSN
1469-445X
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
New Findings - What is the topic of this review? At high altitude, the cardiovascular system must adapt in order to meet the metabolic demand for oxygen. This review summarizes recent findings relating to short‐term and life‐long cardiac adaptation to high altitude in the context of exercise capacity. - What advances does it highlight? Both Sherpa and lowlanders exhibit smaller left ventricular volumes at high altitude; however, myocardial relaxation, as evidenced by diastolic untwist, is reduced only in Sherpa, indicating that short‐term hypoxia does not impair diastolic relaxation. Potential remodelling of systolic function, as evidenced by lower left ventricular systolic twist in Sherpa, may facilitate the requisite sea‐level mechanical reserve required during exercise, although this remains to be confirmed. - Both short‐term and life‐long high‐altitude exposure challenge the cardiovascular system to meet the metabolic demand for O2 in a hypoxic environment. As the demand for O2 delivery increases during exercise, the circulatory component of oxygen transport is placed under additional stress. Acute adaptation and chronic remodelling of cardiac structure and function may occur to facilitate O2 delivery in lowlanders during sojourn to high altitude and in permanent highland residents. However, our understanding of cardiac structural and functional adaption in Sherpa remains confined to a higher maximal heart rate, lower pulmonary vascular resistance and no differences in resting cardiac output. Ventricular form and function are intrinsically linked through the left ventricular (LV) mechanics that facilitate efficient ejection, minimize myofibre stress during contraction and aid diastolic recoil. Recent examination of LV mechanics has allowed detailed insight into fundamental cardiac adaptation in high‐altitude Sherpa. In this symposium report, we review recent advances in our understanding of LV function in both lowlanders and Sherpa at rest and discuss the potential consequences for exercise capacity. Collectively, data indicate chronic structural ventricular adaptation, with adult Sherpa having smaller absolute and relative LV size. Consistent with structural remodelling, cardiac mechanics also differ in Sherpa when compared with lowlanders at high altitude. These differences are characterized by a reduction in resting systolic deformation and slower diastolic untwisting, a surrogate of relaxation. These changes may reflect a functional cardiac adaptation that affords Sherpa the same mechanical reserve seen in lowlanders at sea level, which is absent when they ascend to high altitude.
Journal/conference proceeding
Experimental Physiology;
Citation
Stembridge, M., Ainslie, P.N. and Shave, R. (2015) 'Short‐term adaptation and chronic cardiac remodelling to high altitude in lowlander natives and Himalayan Sherpa', Experimental Physiology, 100(11), pp.1242-1246. DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.082503.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/10815
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2014.082503
Description
Article published in Experimental Physiology on 18 October 2014 (online), freely available at: https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2014.082503.
Rights
http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
Sponsorship
Cardiff Metropolitan University (Grant ID: Cardiff Metropolian (Internal))
Collections
  • Sport Research Groups [1089]

Related items

Showing items related by title, author, subject and abstract.

  • Thumbnail

    Ventricular structure, function and mechanics at high altitude: chronic remodelling in Sherpa verses short-term lowlander adaptation. 

    Unknown author (American Physiological Society, 2014-08-01)
    Short-term, high-altitude (HA) exposure raises pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and decreases left-ventricular (LV) volumes. However, relatively little is known of the long-term cardiac consequences of prolonged ...
  • Thumbnail

    Ventricular structure, function, and mechanics at high altitude: chronic remodeling in Sherpa vs. short-term lowlander adaptation. 

    Unknown author (American Physiological Society, 2014-08-01)
    Short-term, high-altitude (HA) exposure raises pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and decreases left-ventricular (LV) volumes. However, relatively little is known of the long-term cardiac consequences of prolonged ...
  • Thumbnail

    In vivo human cardiac shortening and lengthening velocity is region-dependent and not coupled with heart rate 

    Stembridge, Mike; Ainslie, Philip; Hughes, Michael G.; Stöhr, Eric J.; Cotter, James D.; Nio, Amanda Q. X.; Shave, Rob (American Physiological Society, 2015-05-01)
    Short-term, high-altitude (HA) exposure raises pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and decreases left-ventricular (LV) volumes. However, relatively little is known of the long-term cardiac consequences of prolonged ...

Browse

DSpace at Cardiff MetCommunities & CollectionsBy issue dateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis collectionBy issue dateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

My Account

Login

Statistics

Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
Contact us | Send feedback | Administrator