Stimulus-specific functional remodeling of the left ventricle in endurance and resistance-trained men

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Author
Dawkins, Tony
Curry, Bryony
Drane, Aimee L.
Lord, Rachel
Richards, Cory
Brown, Megan
Pugh, Christopher J. A.
Lodge, Freya
Yousef, Zaheer
Stembridge, Mike
Shave, Rob
Date
2020-09-01Acceptance date
2020-08-03
Date Accepted
2020-09-21
Type
Article
acceptedVersion
Publisher
American Physiological Society
ISSN
0363-6135
1522-1539 (online)
Embargoed until
2021-09-01
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Left ventricular (LV) structural remodeling following athletic training has been evidenced through training-specific changes in wall thickness and geometry. Whether the LV response to changes in hemodynamic load also adapts in a training-specific manner is unknown. Using echocardiography, we examined LV responses of endurance-trained (n = 15), resistance-trained (n = 14), and nonathletic men (n = 13) to 1) 20, 40, and 60% one repetition-maximum (1RM), leg-press exercise and 2) intravascular Gelofusine infusion (7 mL/kg) with passive leg raise. While resting heart rate was lower in endurance-trained participants versus controls (P = 0.001), blood pressure was similar between groups. Endurance-trained individuals had lower wall thickness but greater LV mass relative to body surface area versus controls, with no difference between resistance-trained individuals and controls. Leg press evoked a similar increase in blood pressure; however, resistance-trained participants preserved stroke volume (SV; −3 ± 8%) versus controls at 60% 1RM (−15 ± 7%, P = 0.001). While the maintenance of SV was related to the change in longitudinal strain across all groups (R = 0.537; P = 0.007), time-to-peak strain was maintained in resistance-trained but delayed in endurance-trained individuals (1 vs. 12% delay; P = 0.021). Volume infusion caused a similar increase in end-diastolic volume (EDV) and SV across groups, but leg raise further increased EDV only in endurance-trained individuals (5 ± 5 to 8 ± 5%; P = 0.018). Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between SV and longitudinal strain following infusion and leg raise (R = 0.334, P = 0.054); however, we observed no between-group differences in longitudinal myocardial mechanics. In conclusion, resistance-trained individuals better maintained SV during pressure loading, whereas endurance-trained individuals demonstrated greater EDV reserve during volume loading. These data provide novel evidence of training-specific LV functional remodeling.
NEW & NOTEWORTHY Training-specific functional remodeling of the LV in response to different loading conditions has been recently suggested, but not experimentally tested in the same group of individuals. Our data provide novel evidence of a dichotomous, training-specific LV adaptive response to hemodynamic pressure or volume loading.
Journal/conference proceeding
American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology;
Citation
Dawkins, T.G., Curry, B.A., Drane, A.L., Lord, R.N., Richards, C., Brown, M., Pugh, C.J., Lodge, F., Yousef, Z., Stembridge, M. and Shave, R.E. (2020) 'Stimulus-specific functional remodeling of the left ventricle in endurance and resistance-trained men', American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 319(3), pp.H632-H641.
Description
Article published in American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology available at https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00233.2020
Sponsorship
Cardiff Metropolitan University (Grant ID: Cardiff Metropolian (Internal))
Collections
- Sport Research Groups [1089]
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