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Increased Aortic Stiffness is Associated with Higher Rates of Stroke, GI-bleeding and Pump Thrombosis in CF-LVAD Patients

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Author
Rosenblum, Hannah
Pinsino, Alberto
Zuver, Amelia
Javaid, Azka
Mondellini, Giulio
Ji, Ruiping
Cockcroft, John R.
Yuzefpolskaya, Melana
Garan, A. Reshad
Shames, Sofia
Topkara, Veli
Takayama, Hiroo
Takeda, Koji
Naka, Yoshifumi
McDonnell, Barry
Willey, Joshua Z.
Colombo, Paolo C.
Stöhr, Eric J.
Date
2021-02-24
Acceptance date
2021-02-07
Type
Article
Publisher
Elsevier
ISSN
1071-9164
Metadata
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Abstract
Background In the general population, increased aortic stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Previous studies have demonstrated an increase in aortic stiffness in patients with a continuous flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD). However, the association between aortic stiffness and common adverse events is unknown. Methods and results Forty patients with a HeartMate II (HMII) (51 $ 11 years; 20% female; 25% ischemic) implanted between January 2011 and September 2017 were included. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiograms of the ascending aorta, obtained before HMII placement and early after heart transplant, were analyzed to calculate the aortic stiffness index (AO-SI). The study cohort was divided into patients who had an increased vs decreased AO-SI after LVAD support. A composite outcome of gastrointestinal bleeding, stroke, and pump thrombosis was defined as the primary end point and compared between the groups. While median AO-SI increased significantly after HMII support (AO-SI 4.4-6.5, P = .012), 16 patients had a lower AO-SI. Patients with increased (n = 24) AO-SI had a significantly higher rate of the composite end point (58% vs 12%, odds ratio 9.8, P < .01). Similarly, those with increased AO-SI tended to be on LVAD support for a longer duration, had higher LVAD speed and reduced use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. Conclusions Increased aortic stiffness in patients with a HMII is associated with a significantly higher rates of adverse events. Further studies are warranted to determine the causality between aortic stiffness and adverse events, as well as the effect of neurohormonal modulation on the conduit vasculature in patients with a CF-LVAD.
Journal/conference proceeding
Journal of Cardiac Failure;
Citation
Rosenblum, H., Pinsino, A., Zuver, A., Javaid, A., Mondellini, G., Ji, R., Cockcroft, J.R., Yuzefpolskaya, M., Garan, A.R., Shames, S. and Topkara, V.K. (2021) 'Increased Aortic Stiffness is Associated with Higher Rates of Stroke, GI-bleeding and Pump Thrombosis in CF-LVAD Patients', Journal of Cardiac Failure. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.02.009
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11413
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.02.009
Description
Article published in Journal of Cardiac Failure available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.02.009
Rights
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Sponsorship
Cardiff Metropolitan University (Grant ID: Cardiff Metropolian (Internal))
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