Effect of heavy weight and plyometric contractions upon upper body post-activation potentiation
Abstract
The contractile history of skeletal muscle has been shown to have a significant effect upon subsequent performance. (postactivation potentiation, PAP). However, the effects of different types of conditioning stimulus on upper body strength and power performance have received little attention. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the PAP effect produced by plyometric (PLYO) or heavy weight resistance (BENCH PRESS) conditioning stimulus on force and power performance of the upper body. Eleven male, competitive rugby players ((mean ± SD: body mass, 91.5 ± 9.6kg 179 ± 2.8cm) performed a ballistic bench press throw (BBPT) followed by a 5-min rest and the conditioning stimulus undertaken in a randomised order. These were the bench throw 1 repetition at 30% 1RM for the PLYO stimulus, and 1 set of 3 bench press repetitions at 3RM (each repetition eccentrically lowered under control and concentrically pushed as fast as possible). Following a 4-min rest, the subjects performed another BBPT. Peak power output (Ppeak), peak force (Fpeak), peak distance (Dpeak), peak velocity (Vpeak) and rate of force development (RFD) were assessed using a linear position transducer. EMG of the triceps brachii and pectoralis major were recorded. PLYO produced significantly higher Ppeak, Vpeak, and Dpeak, (3904 ± 102 and 4804 ± 71.53*, 11.725 ± 0.42 and 13.662 ± 0.26*, 2.35 ± 0.078 and 2.965 ± 0.084* for pre- and post-conditioning stimulus, respectively P<0.05). BENCH PRESS produced significantly higher Vpeak (10.744 ± 0.48 and 13.914 ± 0.27* for pre- and post-conditioning stimulus, respectively P<0.05). No significant differences in Fpeak, RFD were revealed for PLYO (P>0.05). No significant differences were revealed in Ppeak, Fpeak, Dpeak, and RFD following the BENCH PRESS conditioning stimulus (P>0.05). Finally, EMG was not significantly different between pre- and post-conditioning stimulus for any of the conditioning contractions (P>0.05). It appears that both plyometric and heavy weight resistance conditioning stimulus increase upper body power output following a 4min rest interval.
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BA Enterprise Project
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