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External auditory canal exostoses in white water kayakers

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Author
Cooper, A.
Tong, Richard
Neil, Rich
Owens, David
Tomkinson, A.
Date
2010
Type
Article
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN
1473-0480
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
Objective In this study, the presence and severity of external auditory canal exostoses (EACE) in a group of white water kayakers related to the duration and intensity of kayaking and the number of ear infections reported were identified. Design A community-based volunteer cross-sectional study was completed with 92 kayakers (69 men, 23 women; mean (SD) age 29.3 (8.72) years) and 65 control volunteers (37 men, 28 women; mean (SD) age 36.9 (14.9) years). After exclusions, 269 individual ears were examined (154 kayakers and 115 controls). Participants completed a questionnaire and underwent otoscopic examination. Main outcome measures were the presence and severity of EACE, the duration and frequency of kayaking and self-reported ear infections. Exclusion criteria included other cold-water exposure, known ear pathology or poor visualisation of the auditory canal. Results The findings demonstrated that 69.5% of kayaker ears and 1.7% of the control group were found to have EACE. Severity of EACE was significantly associated with the duration (p<0.01) and frequency (p<0.05) of kayaking with 90.6% of kayakers that had participated for more than 10 years having evidence of EACE. A significant relationship also existed between the number of self-reported ear infections and the severity of EACE (p<0.01). Conclusion There is a positive relationship between the duration and frequency of white water kayaking and the presence and severity of EACE and associated ear infections.
Journal/conference proceeding
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Citation
Cooper, A., Tong, R., Neil, R., Owens, D. and Tomkinson, A. (2010) 'External auditory canal exostoses in white water kayakers', British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(2), pp.144-147
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/3997
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.048157
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