• English
    • Welsh
  • English 
    • English
    • Welsh
  • Login
Search DSpace:
  • Home
  • Research at Cardiff Met
  • Library Services
  • Contact Us
View item 
  • DSpace home
  • Theses
  • PhD theses \ Traethodau PhD
  • View item
  • DSpace home
  • Theses
  • PhD theses \ Traethodau PhD
  • View item
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

Physical and Chemical Composition of Particulate Pollutants in an Urban Area of Cardiff, Wales

Thumbnail
View/open
Thesis (4.184Mb)
Author
Mohamed, Guma E.T.
Date
2012
Type
Thesis
Publisher
Cardiff Metropolitan University
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
The issue of particulate matter (PM) and associated health and environmental problems has been subjected to extensive research in a number of countries. However, there are no recent studies concerning the physical and chemical properties of PM from urban Cardiff. Measurements were made to study particulate matter, their sources, chemical compositions, gaseous precursors and their seasonal variations in urban Cardiff (latitude: 51° 28´ 59.47¨N and longitude: 03° 09´ 58.08¨W) from December 2009 to November 2010. A low volume air sampler for PM10 and PM2.5 particles, and real-time air samplers for TSP, PM10, PM2.5, PM1, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2 and VOCs were used during sampling. The collected ambient air suspended particles were analysed for seven major ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺) and 12 elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) by using an ion chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometer respectively. Cl⁻, SO42− and NO3− were generally the major ions in fractions of PM10 and PM2.5, while the elements Na, Mg, Ca, Al, K, and Fe were the most abundant elements. A good correlation was observed between PM10 and PM2.5 indicating that PM10 and PM2.5 contribute significantly to PM levels in urban Cardiff. Most of the ions and elements in both PM fractions were abundant in the winter season. Natural sources were the highest contributors followed by anthropogenic sources for the analysed elements in PM10 and PM2.5. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis showed the enrichment factor was higher in PM10 and PM2.5 elements such as Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd. The high enrichment factor of these elements in urban Cardiff suggested that the dominant sources for these elements were non-crustal. Real-time measurements of PM precursor gases did not exceed the standard concentrations given by the Air Quality Strategy (AQS) for these pollutants.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/4738
Collections
  • PhD theses \ Traethodau PhD [308]
  • Research Degrees (Health Sciences) [101]

Related items

Showing items related by title, author, subject and abstract.

  • Thumbnail

    The enjoyment of walking outdoors 

    Turner, James (Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2013)
    Background: A lack of regular physical activity has become the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality today. Several physiological and psychological factors can decrease physical activity levels, such as age, ...
  • Thumbnail

    Cardiff Bay Development Corporation - a critical review of a case study in urban regeneration 

    Babalikis, Efstratios (Cardiff Metropolitan University, 1999)
    Recent times have seen through changing social, political and economic circumstances the gradual, or perhaps in some places acute, running-down of parts of urban systems leaving in some cases entire inner city areas derelict ...
  • Thumbnail

    People, place and consumption: conceptualising and researching urban tourist experience, with particular reference to Cardiff, Wales 

    Selby, Martin (Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2000)
    The thesis addresses ways of both conceptualising and researching the experience of urban tourists. A framework for conceptualising urban tourist experience is developed, and an experiential methodology is applied to ...

Browse

DSpace at Cardiff MetCommunities & CollectionsBy issue dateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis collectionBy issue dateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

My Account

Login

Statistics

Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
Contact us | Send feedback | Administrator