THE IMPACT OF RULE CHANGE ELV NUMBER 4 ON OUT-OFHAND
Author
Davies-Horn, Rhys
Date
2013Publisher
Cardiff Metropolitan University
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
In 2006, the IRB advanced 23 ELVs, 13 of which where accepted and introduced
into global rugby union at the commencement of the 2008/09 season. One of
these ELVs, namely ELV number 4 (Law 19 Touch and Lineout) stated that the
ball could no longer be passed back into the 22-meter area and directly kicked off
the field in order to gain territory. This rule change was implemented to increase
the amount of running rugby.
This study set out to determine if ELV number 4 has affected the types of out-ofhand
kicks employed during rugby matches. In order to analyse this, kick types,
positions who performed kicks and the area in which the kick was performed, were
analysed. The sample comprised of 40 matches (n=40) from two IRB Rugby
World Cups during 2007 and 2011, played pre and post the law change.
Performance Indicators were developed in order to analyse specific facets of the
game and the study employed key reliability and validity tests. The Mann Whitney-
U test was employed in order to determine the significance between the two
independent samples, according to a significance value of p=0.05.
Results demonstrated that key changes have emerged in the specific aspects
analysed. Notably, the total number of kicks employed by players in general and in
the defensive zone had decreased by 2011. In contrast, the analysis evidenced an
increase in the number of box kicks and those designed to clear and relieve
pressure. Moreover, a greater percentage of possession played was identified
during the 2011 tournament, thus indicating the success of the rule change in
terms of promoting a more open, expansive game.
The study outlines the key implications to emerge from this work and advances
recommendations for further research in the field.
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