What effect do different feet positions have on backstroke start

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Author
Gosling, Declan
Date
2013Publisher
Cardiff Metropolitan University
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Show full item recordAbstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that different feet positions
have on backstroke start effectiveness. The aims of this study were to discover how
effective four different backstroke starts were. The four different feet positions that
were considered; track start under the water, feet parallel under the water, feet
parallel out of the water and track start one foot in the water one out, as well as four
effectiveness variables: Flight Time (FT- the time from when the last foot leaves the
wall, to where the last foot enters the water), Flight Distance (FD - the horizontal
distance from the edge of the pool, to where the fingertips enter the water) Height
(the vertical distance gained from the water surface, to the highest part of the back
during the arc phase), were measured and Speed calculated (FD/FT).
Eight competitive university aged, male swimmers between 18 and 24 (average age
20.1 ±1.46) and an average height of 1.83m ± 0.052, participated in the study.
Participants performed twelve starts using each foot position three times and these
were filmed. Participants were familiar with the starts that were being tested and
already had an individual foot preference on their start.
A one-way ANOVA was carried out to test for significant statistical difference
between the starts. Results stated that there was no significant statistical difference
between the starts. However across all the starts there were significant correlations
found between: height gained and flight time, distance gained and height gained and
speed and distance gained. There was also a significant negative correlation
between speed and flight time. The results also showed that three of the participants
produced better results on their non-preferred foot position.
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