AN INVESTIGATION INTO HOW PANOPTICISM AND COACH DISCOURSE INTERACT WHEN EMPOWERMENT IS UTILISED AS A COACHING METHOD.

Abstract

This study set out to investigate how Panopticism and discourse influence the utilisation of empowerment as a coaching method. Further to this, how Panopticism and discourse impact upon the actions of the athlete during empowerment. The study specifically looks at the behaviours of the athlete during empowerment, and the coach discourse that creates this normative behaviour. Using non-participant observation and unobtrusive recordings, in line with grounded theory, allowed for discourse analysis and an understanding of the nature of interactions which occur. The study found that athletes have their experiences and choices framed by their coaches. It was discussed that the athletes undertake normative behaviours as a result of coach discourse as well as the operating of Panopticism, in some cases rendering them docile. The study discovered that Panopticism is a transient and contested notion, and that disciplinary power is inherent with the hierarchical structure. Future research can be geared towards investigating the notion of electronic Panopticism and the interaction occurring through technology.