Gender comparison: joint angles and force distribution during a back squat

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Author
Hope, Cara
Date
2015Type
Thesis
Publisher
Cardiff Metropolitan University
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Background: Research shows that female athletes suffer from more knee injuries than
male athletes; this may be due to a number of factors including a possible lack of strength
and anatomical differences. The biomechanics of the squat vary between genders which
could stress certain anatomical structures, such as ligaments, which could predispose
females to injuries of the knee, such as ACL injuries. Aim: The aim of this study was to
compare joint kinematics during the back squat between males and females and relate to
injury of joints, specifically the knee and investigate whether females are at a greater risk
of these injuries. Methods: This was carried out using a four scanner
CODAmotion V6.79.3 analysis system (Charnwood Dynamics Ltd, Leicestershire, UK) to
collect marker positions whilst the participants performed a back squat at varying
resistance. The squat time, joint angles, knee separation, force distribution, and peak force
was analysed for both males and females. Four female and four male students, all
physically active, weight trained and injury free, took part in this study. The mean+SD for
age = 20+1 years, height = 1.78+0.10 m and mass = 78.4+10.8 kg. Results &
Discussion: Results showed that females could be more susceptible to knee injuries than
males for reasons such as posture determined by joint angles, knee valgus represented by
knee separation, application of force / force distribution, and peak force. Further research
is required to analyse joint kinetics to investigate internal loads acting on the knee.
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