Exercise training and artery function in humans: nonresponse and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors
Author
Green, Daniel
Eijsvogels, Thijs
Bouta, Yvette
Malorana, Andrew
Naylor, Louise
Scholten, Ralph
Spaanderman, Marc
Pugh, Christopher J. A.
Sprung, Victoria
Schreuder, Tim
Jones, Helen
Cable, Tim
Hopman, Marla
Thijssen, Dick
Date
2014-06-19Type
Article
Publisher
American Physiological Society
ISSN
8750-7587
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
The objectives of our study were to examine1) the proportion of responders and nonresponders to exercise training in terms of vascular function;2) a priori factors related to exercise training induced changes in conduit artery function, and3) the contribution of traditional cardiovascular risk factors to exercise-induced changes in artery function. We pooled data from our laboratories involving 182 subjects who underwent supervised, large-muscle group, endurance-type exercise training interventions with pre-/posttraining measures of flow-mediated dilation (FMD%) to assess artery function. All studies adopted an identical FMD protocol (5-min ischemia, distal cuffinflation), contemporary echo-Doppler methodology, and observer-independent automated analysis. Linear regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to changes in FMD%. We found that cardiopulmonary fitness improved, and weight, body mass index(BMI), cholesterol, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased after training, while FMD% increased in 76% of subjects (P 0.001).Training-induced increase in FMD% was predicted by lower bodyweight ( 0.212), lower baseline FMD% ( 0.469), lower training frequency ( 0.256), and longer training duration ( 0.367) (combined:P 0.001,r 0.63). With the exception of a modest correlation with total cholesterol (r 0.243,P 0.01), changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors were not significantly related to changes in FMD% (P 0.05). In conclusion, we found that, while some subjects do not demonstrate increases following exercise training, improvement in FMD% is present in those with lower pretraining body weight and endothelial function. Moreover, exercise training-induced change in FMD% did not correlate with changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that some cardioprotective effects of exercise training are independent of improvement in risk factors
Journal/conference proceeding
Journal of Applied Physiology;
Citation
Green, D.J., Eijsvogels, T., Bouts, Y.M., Maiorana, A.J., Naylor, L.H., Scholten, R.R., Spaanderman, M.E., Pugh, C.J., Sprung, V.S., Schreuder, T., Jones, H., Cable, T., Hopman, M., Thijssen, D. (2014) 'Exercise training and artery function in humans: nonresponse and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors', Journal of Applied Physiology, 117(4), pp.345-352
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