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Sympathetic nervous system activation, arterial shear rate, and flow-mediated dilation

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Author
Thijssen, Dick
Atkinson, Ceri
Ono, Kumiko
Sprung, Victoria
Spence, Angela
Pugh, Christopher J. A.
Green, Daniel
Date
2014-05-15
Acceptance date
2014-04-02
Type
Article
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Metadata
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of arterial shear to changes in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) during sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation in healthy humans. Ten healthy men reported to our laboratory four times. Bilateral FMD, shear rate (SR), and catecholamines were examined before/after 10-min of -35-mmHg lower body negative pressure (LBNP10). On day 1, localized forearm heating (LBNP10+heat) was applied in one limb to abolish the increase in retrograde SR associated with LBNP. Day 2 involved unilateral cuff inflation to 75 mmHg around one limb to exaggerate the LBNP-induced increase retrograde SR (LBNP10+cuff). Tests were repeated on days 3 and 4, using 30-min interventions (i.e., LBNP30+heat and LBNP30+cuff). LBNP10 significantly increased epinephrine levels and retrograde SR and decreased FMD (all P < 0.05). LBNP10+heat prevented the increase in retrograde SR, whereas LBNP10+cuff further increased retrograde SR (P < 0.05). Heating prevented the decrease in percent FMD (FMD%) after LBNP10 (interaction effect, P < 0.05), whereas cuffing did not significantly exaggerate the decrease in FMD% (interaction effect, P > 0.05). Prolongation of the LBNP stimulus for 30-min normalized retrograde SR, catecholamine levels, and FMD (all P > 0.05). Attenuation of retrograde SR during 30 min (LBNP30+heat) was associated with increased FMD% (interaction effects, P < 0.05), whereas increased retrograde SR (LBNP30+cuff) diminished FMD% (interaction effects, P < 0.05). These data suggest that LBNP-induced SNS stimulation decreases FMD, at least in part due to the impact of LBNP on arterial shear stress. Prolonged LBNP stimulation was not associated with changes in SR or FMD%. Our data support a role for changes in SR to the impact of SNS stimulation on FMD.
Journal/conference proceeding
Journal of Applied Physiology;
Citation
Thijssen, D.H., Atkinson, C.L., Ono, K., Sprung, V.S., Spence, A.L., Pugh, C.J. and Green, D.J. (2014) 'Sympathetic nervous system activation, arterial shear rate, and flow-mediated dilation', Journal of Applied Physiology, 116(10), pp.1300-1307.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/9370
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00110.2014
Description
This article was published open access in Journal of Applied Physiology on 15 May 2014 (online), available https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00110.2014
Rights
http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
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